Good morning,
Daniel 8 offers a testament to God’s absolute control over history, even when evil seems momentarily victorious. The chapter prompts us to understand God’s sovereignty and trust in His plans, regardless of how insurmountable challenges may appear. In the end, God’s righteousness prevails. (Bible Hub Chapter Summaries-Daniel 8)
Daniel 8
Daniel’s vision of the ram and the he-goat
Daniel’s vision (v. 1-4)
In the third year of the reign of king Belshazzar a vision appeared unto me, even unto me Daniel, after that which appeared unto me at the first.2 And I saw in a vision; and it came to pass, when I saw, that I was at Shushan in the palace, which is in the province of Elam; and I saw in a vision, and I was by the river of Ulai.3 Then I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns: and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last. 4 I saw the ram pushing westward, and northward, and southward; so that no beasts might stand before him, neither was there any that could deliver out of his hand; but he did according to his will, and became great.
Two years after his previous vision, Daniel has another. This time, he’s transported in spirit to the city of Susa. He sees a ram with two high horns, one higher than the other, representing the Medes and Persians’ kings. (Bible Hub Chapter Summaries-Daniel 8)
In a vision, Daniel saw events that would follow the Babylonian Empire. (1) The ram with the two horns represented the Medo-Persian Empire (v. 20). The little horn was Darius, and the big horn was Cyrus. (2) The he-goat in v.5 evidently represented the kingdom of Alexander the Great, the Grecian Empire (v. 21), which took the kingdom from Medo-Persians. The “notable horn” of v. 5 was Alexander the Great. When he was broken (v. 8) his four generals would take over the kingdom. (The Rice Reference Bible,1981, pg.923)
The Goat’s Arrival (v. 5-8)
5 And as I was considering, behold, a he goat came from the west on the face of the whole earth, and touched not the ground: and the goat had a notable horn between his eyes.6 And he came to the ram that had two horns, which I had seen standing before the river, and ran unto him in the fury of his power.7 And I saw him come close unto the ram, and he was moved with choler against him, and smote the ram, and brake his two horns: and there was no power in the ram to stand before him, but he cast him down to the ground, and stamped upon him: and there was none that could deliver the ram out of his hand.8 Therefore the he goat waxed very great: and when he was strong, the great horn was broken; and for it came up four notable ones toward the four winds of heaven.
Then a goat with a notable horn between his eyes, symbolizing the king of Greece, appears from the west. The goat defeats the ram, signifying the Greeks’ defeat of the Medes and Persians. The goat grows very powerful, but at the height of its power, its large horn is broken off, forecasting the untimely death of the Greek king. (Bible Hub Chapter Summaries-Daniel 8)
Rise and Fall of the Little Horn (v. 9-14)
9 And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and toward the pleasant land.10 And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and it cast down some of the host and of the stars to the ground, and stamped upon them.11 Yea, he magnified himself even to the prince of the host, and by him the daily sacrifice was taken away, and the place of the sanctuary was cast down.12 And an host was given him against the daily sacrifice by reason of transgression, and it cast down the truth to the ground; and it practiced, and prospered. 13 Then I heard one saint speaking, and another saint said unto that certain saint which spake, How long shall be the vision concerning the daily sacrifice, and the transgression of desolation, to give both the sanctuary and the host to be trodden under foot?14 And he said unto me, Unto two thousand and three hundred days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed.
From the goat’s horn, a smaller horn grows and extends towards the south, east, and the Beautiful Land (Israel) . This horn becomes a symbol of blasphemy, challenging the heavenly host and the daily sacrifice’s order. An angelic conversation reveals this situation will last for 2,300 evenings and mornings. (Bible Hub Chapter Summaries-Daniel 8)
The little horn is not the same as the one in v.3; rather, it prophesied of Antiochus Epiphanes, 175 B.C. he took over and defiled the Temple by sacrificing a sow (an unclean animal) upon its altar. This man appears to have been a type of the Antichrist, “Who opposes and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshiped; so that he as God sitteth in the Temple of God, showing himself that he is God” (2 Thes. 2:4; cf. vv. 10-12). (The Rice Reference Bible,1981, pg.923)
Gabriel Interprets the Vision (v.15-27)
15 And it came to pass, when I, even I Daniel, had seen the vision, and sought for the meaning, then, behold, there stood before me as the appearance of a man.16 And I heard a man’s voice between the banks of Ulai, which called, and said, Gabriel, make this man to understand the vision.17 So he came near where I stood: and when he came, I was afraid, and fell upon my face: but he said unto me, Understand, O son of man: for at the time of the end shall be the vision.18 Now as he was speaking with me, I was in a deep sleep on my face toward the ground: but he touched me, and set me upright.19 And he said, Behold, I will make thee know what shall be in the last end of the indignation: for at the time appointed the end shall be.20 The ram which thou sawest having two horns are the kings of Media and Persia. 21 And the rough goat is the king of Grecia: and the great horn that is between his eyes is the first king.22 Now that being broken, whereas four stood up for it, four kingdoms shall stand up out of the nation, but not in his power.23 And in the latter time of their kingdom, when the transgressors are come to the full, a king of fierce countenance, and understanding dark sentences, shall stand up.24 And his power shall be mighty, but not by his own power: and he shall destroy wonderfully, and shall prosper, and practice, and shall destroy the mighty and the holy people.25 And through his policy also he shall cause craft to prosper in his hand; and he shall magnify himself in his heart, and by peace shall destroy many: he shall also stand up against the Prince of princes; but he shall be broken without hand.26 And the vision of the evening and the morning which was told is true: wherefore shut thou up the vision; for it shall be for many days.27 And I Daniel fainted, and was sick certain days; afterward I rose up, and did the king’s business; and I was astonished at the vision, but none understood it.
The angel Gabriel interprets the vision for Daniel, explaining that it represents future kingdoms and leaders. Despite the disturbing vision, Gabriel reassures Daniel that the desolation will end. The chapter concludes with Daniel, exhausted and ill, yet keeping the vision a secret.
Chapter 8 of the book of Daniel presents a profound and detailed prophecy. In this chapter, Daniel recounts a vision he received about a ram and a goat, representing upcoming empires. These beasts foretell the rise and fall of future nations and set the scene for intense spiritual warfare. An angel interprets the visions for Daniel, revealing God’s sovereignty over history’s unfolding events. (Bible Hub Chapter Summaries-Daniel 8)
Themes
Prophetic Visions
Spiritual Warfare
Interpretation of Dreams
Sovereignty of God
Hope Amidst Desolation
Topics
Visions and Prophecies
Symbolism in the Bible
Power and Dominion
Destruction and Restoration
Understanding God’s Plan
People
Daniel
Gabriel
The Ram (symbolizing the kings of Media and Persia)
The Goat (symbolizing the king of Greece)
Locations
Susa (Citadel)
Ulai Canal
Babylon (Implied)
(Bible Hub Chapter Summaries-Daniel 8)
Tom Stearns, WASI Chaplain, 907 715-4001 chaplain@alaskaseniors.com
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